Manufacturing and production techniques have changed radically as a result of the electronic revolution seen in recent decades. Even the most complicated shapes can be produced precisely at low cost. In many cases, machining production technologies have replaced other methods because they do not require any special – and therefore costly – tools. This means that small runs can be produced and technical improvements can be implemented quickly.
The drive to cut costs prompted ever-increasing machining volumes and therefore higher cutting speeds. A new sphere of application was born: high-speed cutting. This meant it was necessary to develop corresponding cutting and clamping tools, cooling lubricants and more. Special attention had to be paid to the bearing assembly for spindles – the heart of any machine tool spindle.
The job done by these components, which have developed into the top of the range of bearings, is absolutely crucial for smooth operations. Based on the requirements to absorb both radial and axial forces at high levels of rigidity – with running accuracy equivalent to just 1/50th of the diameter of a human hair – sets of angular-contact ball bearings have become established as the most common solution.
In this application, the rolling elements are subject to peripheral velocities of up to 600 km/h. Supplying the working surfaces with constant, reliable lubrication is a major challenge. Without it, the bearings would be unable to operate.
Bicycle bearing
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